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Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Microfluidic Preparation of Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Actuators
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Microfluidic Preparation of Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Actuators

Published on: May 20, 2018

Highly Programmable Liquid Crystalline Polyurethane/MXene Hybrids for Large-Strain, High-Work-Capacity Artificial

Yu-Xi Zhao1, Xi Yin1, Yun-Kai Wang1

  • 1The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials (MoE), National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|June 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel liquid-crystalline polyurethane/MXene hybrid network for soft actuators. This material achieves high stress and strain for complex motions, offering a versatile platform for artificial muscles and intelligent applications.

Keywords:
MXeneartificial musclesliquid‐crystalline polyurethaneprogrammable

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Published on: January 19, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Soft Robotics

Background:

  • Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) offer rapid response and reversible deformation for soft actuators.
  • A key challenge is achieving high actuation stress and strain simultaneously for complex movements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel material overcoming the trade-off between actuation stress and strain in LCEs.
  • To create robust thermal- and light-driven actuators with programmable shape-morphing capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a liquid-crystalline polyurethane (LCPU)/MXene hybrid network via in situ polymerization.
  • Incorporation of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for deformability and MXene for reinforcement and photothermal conversion.
  • Utilizing dynamic hydrogen bonding for network reconfigurability and shape programmability.

Main Results:

  • The LCPU/MXene actuators demonstrated high thermal-driven stress (0.91 MPa at 88% strain) and NIR-driven stress (1.58 MPa).
  • Achieved an exceptionally high work capacity of 546 kJ m⁻³.
  • Demonstrated programmable morphing and large-amplitude actuation tasks, such as lifting and pushing, in robotic applications.

Conclusions:

  • The LCPU/MXene hybrid network represents a significant advancement in soft actuator technology.
  • This system holds considerable promise for artificial muscles, aerospace actuators, and other intelligent applications.
  • The combination of LCEs with MXene offers a versatile platform for advanced material design.