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Structural Engineering of Biomass-Derived Hard Carbon With Architectured Closed Pores for Fast Sodium Storage
Yu Zhang1,2, Huihui Yuan1,2, Ni Fang1,2
1State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China.
Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|June 3, 2026
Summary
Researchers developed porous spherical hard carbon from sphagnum moss for sodium-ion batteries. This material enhances charge transfer kinetics, enabling improved fast-charging capabilities and superior cycling stability for energy storage applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Hard carbons are promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to their availability and cost-effectiveness.
- Sluggish charge transfer kinetics in hard carbons hinder their application in fast-charging SIBs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To engineer porous spherical nanostructured hard carbon from biomass for enhanced sodium storage.
- To improve ion diffusion and reaction kinetics for high-rate sodium-ion battery anodes.
Main Methods:
- Acid-assisted hydrothermal precarbonization of biomass sphagnum moss.
- High-temperature treatment to create porous spherical nanostructures.
- Microstructure engineering to expand interlayer distance and introduce interconnected pores.
Main Results:
- Synthesized porous spherical hard carbon with an expanded interlayer distance of 0.43 nm.
- Achieved a reversible capacity of 108 mAh g-1 at a high rate of 10 A g-1.
- Demonstrated excellent cycling stability, retaining 70% capacity after 1000 cycles in a full cell.
Conclusions:
- The developed hard carbon anode exhibits superior cycling stability and fast-charging capability for SIBs.
- Microstructure engineering of biomass-derived carbons is a feasible strategy for high-rate sodium storage.
- This approach offers a pathway for developing advanced anode materials for next-generation batteries.
