A Study on the Correlation between Metabolic Syndrome and Proteinuria in Chronic Kidney Disease

To  assess  the  frequency  of  metabolic  syndrome (MS) and its association with proteinuria in patients with chronickidney disease (CKD).

A  cross-sectional  study  was  conducted  among  386 CKD  patients  from  June  2022  to  June  2023.  Prevalence  of  MS was  calculated,  clinical  characteristics  of  CKD  patients  with  and without MS were compared, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate associations between the components of MS with the categories of proteinuria.

The  prevalence  of  MS  was  24.9%  among  the  386  CKD patients. Patients with MS had greater 24-h urinary protein excretion and  lower  estimated  glomerular  filtration  rate  (eGFR)  compared to patients without MS (P < .05). The proportion of patients withMS increased across proteinuria strata: mild (< 1.0 g/day) 14.4%, moderate (1.0 to 3.5 g/day) 35.2%, and severe (≥ 3.5 g/day) 49.0% (P < .05). In adjusted models, increased postprandial blood glucose (PBG),  hypertension,  and  the  ratio  of  triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) were independent associations with increased burden of proteinuria.

Metabolic  syndrome  was  independently  associated with  increased  proteinuria  burden  in  CKD.  Early  recognition and  treatment  of  metabolic  risk  factors,  especially  dysglycemia, hypertension,  and  dyslipidemia,  may  help  to  promote  renal protection and improve overall patient health.