Protective Effect of Garlic on Diazinon Induced Kidney Toxicity in Rat: A Biochemical and Histopathological...

Diazinon (DZN) is a widely used pesticide applied in agriculture to eliminate pests, but it can cause adverse effects on various  organs.  This  study  investigated  the  nephrotoxic  changes and oxidative stress induced by diazinon, as well as the potential protective  role  of  garlic  in  ameliorating  kidney  toxicity  in  male Wistar rats.

The animals were treated with diazinon (DZN; 70 mg/ kg/day, orally) with or without garlic extract (500 mg/kg, orally) for four consecutive weeks. Biomarkers including malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase  (SOD),  and  total  thiol  molecules  were  measured  to evaluate oxidative stress. In addition, kidney histopathology was examined using the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining.

As expected, DZN significantly increased MDA  levels  while  decreased  the  levels  of  CAT,  SOD,  TAC,  and total  thiol  molecules  in  kidney  tissue.  Co-treatment  with  garlic reversed the oxidative stress status. Moreover, garlic ameliorated the kidney histopathological injuries induced by DZN. Our findings suggest that garlic can be considered a safe and effective agent for mitigating DZN-induced nephrotoxicity.