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Ex-vivo study investigating modified pulp-capping glass-ionomers
Jirachaya Somudorn1, Hathaitip Sritanaudomchai2, Puangwan Lapthanasupkul3
1Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University.
Dental Materials Journal
|June 3, 2026
Summary
Incorporating bioactive glass into glass-ionomer cement (GIc) shows promise for pulp capping. While promoting healing, its mineralization potential needs further optimization compared to calcium-silicate cements.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Materials
- Regenerative Dentistry
Background:
- Pulp capping aims to preserve dental pulp vitality.
- Glass-ionomer cement (GIc) is a common dental restorative material.
- Bioactive glasses (BGs) show potential for stimulating hard tissue formation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of bioactive glass-modified GIc as a pulp-capping agent.
- To compare the pulpal healing response to BGs, β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP), ProRoot MTA, and Biodentine.
- To assess mineralization and tissue organization in a human tooth-pulp culture model.
Main Methods:
- Human tooth-pulp cultures were capped with GIc modified with BGs (45S5, 45S5.5Zn, 45S5.5Sr), TCP, ProRoot MTA, or Biodentine.
- Unmodified GIc and Biodentine served as controls.
- Histological assessment of pulpal healing and mineral foci formation after 28 days.
Main Results:
- Pulp mineralization was initiated only with GIc45S5 and Biodentine.
- Bioactive glass-modified GIcs exhibited biocompatibility and early pulpal healing.
- Mineralization potential of BG-modified GIcs was lower than Biodentine.
Conclusions:
- GIc45S5 shows potential as a preclinical pulp-capping material.
- Further optimization of bioactive glass incorporation in GIc is needed for enhanced bioactivity.
- Calcium-silicate cements like Biodentine demonstrate superior mineralization potential.
