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Effects of two community-based multimodal exercise programs on physical activity, performance, fall prevention, and
Kazi Md Azman Hossain1, Md Zahid Hossain1, Sharmila Jahan1
1Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Jashore University of Science and Technology (JUST), Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh.
Background:
Aging involves a gradual physiological decline that affects physical activity, performance, fall risk, and quality of life in older adults. Exercise is a recommended intervention to counteract these effects; however, the comparative effectiveness of sensorimotor and strengthening exercise programs in community settings remains limited. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of two community-based multimodal exercise programs (CMEPs) in improving physical activity, performance, fall prevention, and quality of life in older adults.
Methods:
A multicenter, randomized clinical trial was conducted with 140 older adults randomly assigned to CMEP-I (sensorimotor exercise) or CMEP-II (strengthening exercise). Both interventions involved 24 supervised sessions over 8 weeks. Outcomes were measured at baseline and post-intervention using the Physical Activity Scale for Elderly (PASE), Short Functional Performance Battery (SPPB), Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES), and 36-Item Short-Form Survey (SF-36).
Results:
Both interventions led to improvements in outcome measures over time. CMEP-I showed significantly superior improvements to CMEP-II in physical activity (PASE, MD = 12.40; 95% CI: 5.92 to 18.88; ηp2 = 0.626), functional performance (SPPB, MD = 0.26; 95% CI: -0.17 to 0.68; ηp2 = 0.137), fall prevention (MFES, MD = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.46; ηp2 = 0.325), and quality of life (SF-36, MD = 3.07; 95% CI: 2.23 to 3.91; ηp2 = 0.642). No serious adverse events were reported.
Conclusions:
Sensorimotor exercise (CMEP-I) showed greater benefits across all outcomes compared with the strengthening exercise (CMEP-II). These findings support the inclusion of sensorimotor CMEPs in community health initiatives as accessible, low-cost strategies for promoting independence and healthy aging in resource-limited settings.
Trial Registration:
This trial is registered prospectively in the Clinical Trials Registry-India CTRI/2025/03/083260 (Registered on 24/03/2025).
