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The Relationship Between Nurses' Intercultural Communication Apprehension, Xenophobia Levels and Caring Behaviours: A
Yelda Koçak1,2, Gönül Taşcı2,3, Handan Zincir4
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Kahramanmaraş İstiklal University, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye.
Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences
|June 4, 2026
Summary
Nurses with high caring behaviors and diverse social connections reported lower intercultural communication apprehension and xenophobia. Promoting intercultural interactions can enhance culturally competent nursing care.
Area of Science:
- Nursing
- Sociology
- Cross-cultural studies
Background:
- Increasing immigration necessitates culturally competent nursing care.
- Nurses must understand diverse cultural characteristics for ethical care delivery.
- Assessing nurses' attitudes towards diverse cultures is crucial for quality patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between nurses' intercultural communication apprehension, xenophobia, and caring behaviors.
- To identify factors influencing intercultural communication apprehension among nurses.
Main Methods:
- Descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study design.
- Data collected using validated scales for caring behaviors, intercultural communication apprehension, and xenophobia.
- Descriptive statistics, exploratory analyses, and linear regression were employed.
Main Results:
- Nurses reported moderate intercultural communication apprehension and xenophobia, with high levels of caring behaviors.
- Age, gender, education, multilingualism, international experience, diverse friendships, xenophobia, and caring behaviors significantly predicted intercultural communication apprehension.
Conclusions:
- Intercultural interactions can reduce communication apprehension and xenophobia in nurses.
- Developing practices that foster nurse interaction with diverse cultures is recommended.
- Single-center study limits generalizability; further research is warranted.
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