Type I Cryoglobulinemia Associated With Multiple Myeloma: A Case Report

Cryoglobulinemia (CG) is a rare disease characterized by the presence of circulating immunoglobulins that precipitate at low temperatures and may lead to systemic manifestations. We report the case of a 73-year-old woman who met the diagnostic criteria for type I cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, presenting with ulceronecrotic, partly purpuric lesions. Skin biopsy revealed vasculitis, and laboratory evaluation revealed an IgG kappa monoclonal gammopathy, leading to multiple myeloma (MM) as the underlying etiology. Clone-directed therapy resulted in marked clinical improvement, with significant regression of cutaneous lesions within two months. Given its rarity and potential for severe complications, this case highlights the importance of systematically investigating an underlying monoclonal gammopathy in patients presenting with type I cryoglobulinemic vasculitis.