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An Antimicrobial Fabric Using Nano-Herbal Encapsulation of Essential Oils
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Harnessing wetting transitions to program dual-mode antibacterial textiles.

Sujin Jeong1, Kyeongeun Lee2, Sebin Lee1

  • 1Department of Fashion and Textiles, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea jkim256@snu.ac.kr.

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Summary

This study presents a novel textile platform using metal-organic frameworks for dual-action antibacterial defense. It offers tunable anti-adhesion and potent bacterial killing for diverse applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Textile Engineering

Background:

  • Traditional anti-biofouling and antimicrobial treatments face challenges balancing short-term repellence with long-term effectiveness.
  • Developing materials with sequential defense mechanisms is crucial for advanced hygiene applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a time-sequenced dual-defense textile platform using Cu/Zn bimetallic imidazolate frameworks.
  • To exploit interfacial wetting dynamics for programmed sequential antimicrobial functionality.
  • To control the balance between anti-adhesion and bactericidal activity through Cu/Zn ratio tuning.

Main Methods:

  • Grown Cu/Zn bimetallic imidazolate frameworks on cotton fabrics via a composition-controlled coordinating strategy.
  • Utilized vacuum-assisted pore activation to create superhydrophobic surfaces and stabilize air pockets.
  • Investigated pore wetting dynamics upon bacterial exposure to trigger reactive oxygen species generation.
  • Assessed bacterial adhesion suppression and bactericidal efficiency against Escherichia coli.

Main Results:

  • The pore-activated metal-organic framework surface initially provides superhydrophobicity, suppressing bacterial adhesion.
  • Upon pore wetting, reactive oxygen species (O2•− and OH•) are generated, inducing intracellular oxidative stress and killing bacteria.
  • Cu-rich frameworks achieved 99.2% bactericidal efficiency after 120 min, suitable for clinical settings.
  • Zn-rich compositions extended the anti-adhesive state for daily-wear applications.

Conclusions:

  • A dynamic, wetting-regulated materials principle for adaptive antibacterial performance in textiles has been advanced.
  • This platform offers immediate bacterial repulsion and sustained oxidative inactivation.
  • The tunable nature of the Cu/Zn ratio allows for tailored applications in hygiene textiles.