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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-Based Flexible Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Substrate for Ultrasensitive Detection
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Framework Response-Activated SERS Sensing: A Guest-Induced "Gate-Opening" Strategy for Ultrasensitive Sub-Ppt

Jia-Wei Huang1, Shu Han1, Tian-Qing Zhang1

  • 1Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Metrology and Precision Instruments, College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.

ACS Sensors
|June 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A novel gold-based core-shell sensor array efficiently detects trace formaldehyde (CH2O), a harmful indoor VOC. This breakthrough enables highly sensitive and selective real-time monitoring for improved public health and environmental safety.

Keywords:
formaldehyde detectionguest-induced responseisotope labelingmetal-organic frameworksurface-enhanced Raman scattering

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Environmental Chemistry

Background:

  • Accurate *in situ* monitoring of trace formaldehyde (CH2O), a high-risk indoor volatile organic compound (VOC), is crucial for public health.
  • Direct surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of CH2O is challenging due to its weak Raman scattering and low adsorption affinity on noble metals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient sensing strategy for trace formaldehyde detection.
  • To elucidate the sensing mechanism for enhanced capture and signal amplification.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of an ordered Au@ZIF-8 core-shell heterostructure array.
  • Utilized 13C isotope labeling spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) simulations to investigate the sensing mechanism.
  • Optimized array configuration and shell thickness for enhanced localized electromagnetic fields.

Main Results:

  • The Au@ZIF-8 sensor demonstrated an ultra-low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.16 ppt for formaldehyde.
  • A 'guest-induced framework response' mechanism was identified, involving CH2O binding to defect sites, inducing linker torsion and bandgap narrowing.
  • The sensor exhibited excellent linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99) from 0.01 ppb to 100 ppm and robust resistance to interferences like ethanol and toluene.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Au@ZIF-8 core-shell heterostructure array provides a highly sensitive and selective platform for trace formaldehyde detection.
  • The 'guest-induced framework response' mechanism in metal-organic frameworks offers a new strategy for molecular-level gas sensing.
  • This approach establishes a new paradigm for the precise *in situ* monitoring of hazardous indoor VOCs, significantly advancing public health protection.