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Updated: Jun 6, 2026

Single-Port Robotic-assisted Transaxillary Breast-conserving Surgery: A Prospective, Single-arm, Non-randomized Phase IIa Clinical Trial
03:07

Single-Port Robotic-assisted Transaxillary Breast-conserving Surgery: A Prospective, Single-arm, Non-randomized Phase IIa Clinical Trial

Published on: August 19, 2025

The Hidden Bias of Case Selection in Robotic vs VATS Neoadjuvant Comparisons

Raja Flores1

  • 1Ames Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Chairman, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1023, New York, NY 10029.

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|June 4, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

No abstract available in PubMed .

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Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is: