Cross-Sectional Study on the Relationship Between Jawbone Types and Trabecular Bone Structures

This study investigated the relationship between jawbone types and trabecular bone structures. A total of 38 osseointegrated implants were placed in 33 partially edentulous patients (17 males and 16 females). The bone quality of the recipient sites was measured in Hounsfield units and classified according to the Norton and Gamble classification. Histomorphometric methods were employed to analyze the structure of trabecular bone, including bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb. Th), trabecular number, and trabecular separation. The mean values of the four variables in Type I were 52.66 ± 9.75%, 27.31 ± 12.73 µm, 22.77 ± 10.17/mm, and 24.01 ± 10.34 µm, respectively. The mean values for Types II/III were 37.92 ± 11.54%, 45.99 ± 26.71 µm, 11.58 ± 8.16/mm, and 82.39 ± 51.67 µm, respectively. The mean values for Type IV were 33.43 ± 10.32%, 20.27 ± 3.58 µm, 17.16 ± 6.42/mm, and 47.92 ± 29.11 µm, respectively. When comparing Type I with Type IV, BV/TV was the only variable that demonstrated a statistically significant difference (p < .001). In the comparison between Type I and Type II/III, all variables were statistically significant except for Tb. Th (p < .01). When comparing Type II/III with Type IV, Tb. Th was the only variable that showed a statistically significant difference (p < .01). It is crucial to select ideal implant sites before placement, considering the various bone types. Direct quantification of trabecular bone structure in a clinical setting is challenging; therefore, understanding bone types can aid in predicting implantation outcomes by assessing the relationship between bone type and trabecular bone structures.