Effectiveness of a blended learning program for enhancing mental health literacy among university students: a...

Mental health literacy remains insufficient among university students, even as mental health difficulties grow more prevalent in this population. Blended learning approaches that combine digital and face-to-face components may hold advantages over conventional delivery methods, though empirical evidence supporting their effectiveness is still limited.

We conducted a randomized educational evaluation study with 300 university students randomly assigned to either a blended learning program (n = 150) or waitlist control group (n = 150). The eight-week educational curriculum integrated self-paced online modules with weekly face-to-face facilitation sessions. Primary outcomes included educational achievements in mental health literacy measured by the Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS), with secondary educational measures assessing stigma awareness, help-seeking knowledge, and factual understanding. Assessments occurred at baseline, immediate post-educational program, and three-month follow-up.

Compared with controls, the educational program group showed statistically significant improvements with large effect sizes for total mental health literacy (Cohen's d = 1.82), though such magnitudes warrant cautious interpretation given the waitlist control design and reliance on self-report measures. Gains were observed across all subscales, including disorder recognition (d = 1.68), knowledge (d = 1.76), and attitudes (d = 1.35), and these improvements remained significant at three-month follow-up. Digital engagement and learning satisfaction partially mediated program effects. No significant moderation was detected by gender, baseline literacy levels, or mental health history.

Within this single-institution context, a culturally adapted blended learning program was associated with significant improvements in mental health literacy among university students, with effects persisting over three months. These findings suggest that integrating online flexibility with face-to-face interaction holds promise for mental health education, although replication across diverse settings is needed before broader claims can be made.