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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
Published on: November 11, 2013
Embedded 3D Superionic Network Enables Pressure-Free Solid-State Sodium Batteries with Ultrafast Na+ Diffusivity over
Chen Li1, Yongbiao Mu2, Tongtong Deng1
1College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
ACS Nano
|June 5, 2026
Summary
Researchers developed a 3D superionic sodium phosphate network for solid-state sodium-metal batteries. This innovation enhances ion transport and stability, enabling high performance even at extreme temperatures without pressure.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Energy Storage
Background:
- Rechargeable solid-state sodium-metal batteries (SSSMBs) face performance issues at low temperatures due to poor sodium ion (Na+) transport and interfacial instability.
- Sluggish Na+ diffusion in anodes leads to uneven plating, dendrite formation, and rapid capacity loss, hindering SSSMB applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To address the limitations of SSSMBs at low temperatures by improving anode design.
- To enhance Na+ diffusivity and interfacial stability in sodium anodes for next-generation energy storage.
Main Methods:
- Engineered a composite anode by creating an in situ 3D continuous superionic sodium phosphate (Na3P) network within the sodium anode.
- Investigated the impact of the 3D superionic network on Na+ stripping/plating behavior and interfacial stability.
- Evaluated the electrochemical performance of symmetric and full solid-state cells using the composite anode across a wide temperature range.
Main Results:
- The 3D superionic Na3P network significantly enhanced Na+ diffusivity to 8 × 10^-7 cm^2 s^-1.
- Achieved high areal capacity (14 mAh cm^-2) in symmetric cells without external pressure.
- Demonstrated excellent cyclic stability (>540 cycles) in full cells at a mass loading of 10 mg cm^-2 and across temperatures from -25 to 60 °C.
Conclusions:
- Integrating a 3D superionic network is a viable strategy for developing high-performance, pressure-free SSSMBs that operate reliably in extreme temperatures.
- High atomic diffusivity within the anode is crucial for achieving durable and efficient solid-state sodium-metal batteries without the need for stacking pressure.
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