The prevalence and associated factors with burnout among healthcare workers in Morocco: A systematic review

Health professionals are often confronted with new workplace risks that go beyond physical risks to include psychosocial risks. Moroccan healthcare professionals often experience burnout. Understanding the impact of burnout is essential for creating a healthy work environment in healthcare institutions. This study aimed to systematically analyze: 1) the prevalence of burnout among Moroccan health care professionals. 2) the factors associated with burnout in the same population.

A systematic review of articles published in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Medline, and ProQuest databases was conducted using keywords up to July 2024. This review included studies that used the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to evaluate burnout among Moroccan healthcare professionals in three domains: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment.

A total of 14 studies assessing burnout in 4382 Moroccan healthcare professionals were included. The average prevalence of burnout was 73.36%. The burnout prevalence for the three domains ranged from 29 % to 85.71% for high emotional exhaustion (EE), 17% to 79.70% for high depersonalization (DP), and 6% to 85.90% for low personal accomplishment (PA). Young age, female sex, single status, low job satisfaction, poor organization, poor communication, and work conflict were identified as risk factors for burnout.

The identification of factors associated with burnout syndrome can help prioritize areas of intervention to prevent it. This will guarantee the work-life quality for health professionals in Morocco.