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Patient Experiences With GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Isabella de Vere Hunt1,2, Mariana Ramirez-Posada2,3, Christopher Sam Babu4
1Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
JAMA Network Open
|June 5, 2026
Summary
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) aid weight loss but require lifestyle changes for sustained benefits. Patient experiences highlight variable support and access challenges, emphasizing the need for integrated care strategies.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Endocrinology
- Behavioral Medicine
- Qualitative Health Research
Background:
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are effective obesity treatments, but high discontinuation rates and weight regain post-treatment are significant challenges.
- Limited research explores patient experiences with GLP-1 RAs outside of type 2 diabetes management, hindering understanding of long-term adherence and effectiveness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the lived experiences of patients using GLP-1 RAs for weight management.
- To identify factors influencing treatment adherence and long-term success.
- To inform the development of optimal strategies for sustained weight management.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative study employing inductive thematic analysis of semistructured video interviews.
- 30 adult participants from 15 US states, including current and former GLP-1 RA users for various indications.
- Recruitment via ResearchMatch and snowball sampling.
Main Results:
- Eight key themes emerged, categorized into patient-reported benefits/trade-offs and socio-clinical context.
- Benefits included reduced appetite ('food noise'); however, GLP-1 RAs were not seen as a standalone solution.
- Adverse effects, stigma, variable clinical support, cost, and access were significant challenges, though shared experiences were valued.
Conclusions:
- GLP-1 RA therapy facilitates, rather than replaces, lifestyle changes for weight management.
- Behavioral interventions are crucial for sustaining treatment benefits.
- Standardized patient education and clinical support guidelines are needed to manage expectations and improve long-term outcomes.
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