Mechanistic study on hyaluronic acid polysiloxane gel promoting wound repair guided by wet healing theory

As a vital barrier organ of the human body, skin wound repair faces clinical challenges such as slow healing, scar hyperplasia, and infection. Although the wet healing theory has confirmed that a moist environment can enhance epidermal cell migration and reduce infection rates, the action mechanism of composite functional dressings still lacks systematic analysis. This study focuses on hyaluronic acid (HA) polysiloxane gel, exploring its action pathway in full-thickness wound repair through a 'molecule-cell-tissue' three-level system. By using material-skin interaction data simulation,in vitrocell scratch assays, and SD rat full-thickness wound models, combined with HE staining, Masson staining, and RT-qPCR techniques, it was found that hyaluronic acid polysiloxane gel combines the anti-inflammatory regulation function of hyaluronic acid with the microenvironment maintenance function of polysiloxane gel. This significantly promotes fibroblast migration, enhances the expression of collagen-encoding genes Col 1a1 and Col 3a1, and accelerates wound healing. Experimental results from the rat full-thickness skin defect model showed that the wound healing rate in the hyaluronic acid polysiloxane gel treatment group exceeded 70% within 9 d, with smooth new epidermis, significantly reduced inflammatory cells, and a notably higher collagen density compared to the dry dressing group. This study innovatively constructs a framework for the action mechanism of composite dressings guided by the wet healing theory, confirming that hyaluronic acid polysiloxane gel accelerates wound repair through the synergistic effect of inflammatory regulation and microenvironment maintenance. It provides a theoretical basis for the research and development of the new generation of functional dressings and enriches the molecular mechanism connotation of the wet healing theory.