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  1. Home
  3. Electrically Functionalized Body Surface For Deep-tissue Bioelectrical Recording.
  1. Home
  3. Electrically Functionalized Body Surface For Deep-tissue Bioelectrical Recording.

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Electrically functionalized body surface for deep-tissue bioelectrical recording.

Dehui Zhang1, Ganggang Zhao1, Yucheng Zhang2

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Nature Biomedical Engineering
|June 5, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new spray-on electronic skin that overcomes challenges in non-invasive physiological monitoring. This advanced wearable technology enables reliable tracking of deep-tissue activities like circulation and brain signals during movement.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Wearable Technology

Background:

  • Non-invasive monitoring of deep-tissue physiological processes is hindered by signal attenuation and motion artifacts from conventional electrodes.
  • High contact impedance and mechanical mismatch of current electrodes limit reliable bioelectrical signal acquisition, especially on irregular or hairy skin surfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel biocompatible spray-on electronic skin for overcoming limitations of conventional electrodes in non-invasive physiological monitoring.
  • To create intrinsically stretchable and mechanically adaptive thin films for conformal attachment to dynamic body surfaces.
  • To enable robust and continuous monitoring of deep-tissue physiological processes, including biopotential and bioimpedance changes.

Main Methods:

  • Directly spray-coating a biocompatible two-dimensional nanosheet ink onto the human body to form van der Waals thin films.
  • Characterizing the mechanical adaptability and electrical properties of the spray-coated films on non-Euclidean and dynamic body surfaces.
  • Comparing the performance of the electrically functionalized body surface with commercial electrodes in terms of contact impedance and motion artifact reduction.

Main Results:

  • The spray-coated thin films form microscopically conformal, stretchable, and mechanically adaptive electrically functionalized body surfaces.
  • The novel approach significantly reduces contact impedance and extrinsic motion artifacts compared to commercial solutions.
  • Reliable acquisition of bioelectrical signals (biopotential and bioimpedance) from irregular body surfaces was achieved, enabling monitoring of deep-tissue activities.

Conclusions:

  • Spray-coated, stretchable van der Waals thin films offer a promising solution for advanced non-invasive physiological monitoring.
  • This technology significantly improves the reliability and robustness of bioelectrical signal acquisition from the body surface.
  • The developed electrically functionalized body surface advances the capability for continuous monitoring of deep-tissue activities during natural body movements.