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Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Synthesis of Thermogelling Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-chondroitin Sulfate Composites with Alginate Microparticles for Tissue Engineering
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Thermosensitive Injectable Hydrogel Incorporating Telopeptide-Free Type I Collagen Promotes Cartilage Regeneration:

Lilan Gao1,2, Henglin Zhang1,2, Xianglong Lin3,4

  • 1Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China.

Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
|June 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Modified collagen hydrogels, preserving triple-helix structure, offer enhanced biocompatibility and mechanical properties for cartilage regeneration. Targeted removal of immunogenic fragments significantly improves safety and repair outcomes.

Keywords:
BiocompatibilityCartilage repairDecellularized type I collagenMechanical compatibilityTriple-helix structure

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Synthesis of Decellularized Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels
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Synthesis of Decellularized Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels

Published on: July 21, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Mimicking natural extracellular matrix is key for cartilage regeneration.
  • Collagen's triple-helix structure is vital, but its immunogenicity is a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a collagen hydrogel with reduced immunogenicity and preserved triple-helix structure for cartilage repair.
  • To engineer a thermosensitive collagen hydrogel for adaptive defect filling and rapid gelation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized enzymatic digestion to remove immunogenic collagen terminal fragments.
  • Engineered thermosensitive collagen hydrogels for in situ gelation.
  • Assessed biological safety, mechanical properties, cellular interactions, and in vivo cartilage repair.

Main Results:

  • Reduced complement activation confirmed improved biological safety.
  • Hydrogel mechanics mimicked native cartilage viscoelasticity, cushioning shear damage.
  • Enhanced nutrient transport, cell adhesion, and proteoglycan deposition observed.
  • In vivo studies showed a 30.7% higher MOCART score, indicating superior cartilage repair.

Conclusions:

  • Collagen hydrogels maintaining triple-helix structure are promising for cartilage regeneration.
  • Targeted removal of terminal peptides effectively addresses immunogenicity.
  • The developed hydrogel platform offers excellent biocompatibility, mechanical function, and tissue repair capabilities.