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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

A Human-machine-interface Integrating Low-cost Sensors with a Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation System for Post-stroke Balance Rehabilitation
11:06

A Human-machine-interface Integrating Low-cost Sensors with a Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation System for Post-stroke Balance Rehabilitation

Published on: April 12, 2016

The Effects of Visual Training on Balance and Functional Recovery After Lower Extremity Injuries: A Systematic Review

Kaijun Liu1, Jinyu Qiu2, Anqi Shi1

  • 1School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.

Sports Health
|June 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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Visual training (VT) significantly improves static and dynamic balance after lower extremity injuries. However, it does not enhance functional recovery or sport performance, with low certainty of evidence.

Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Rehabilitation Science
  • Clinical Biomechanics

Background:

  • Visual training (VT) is increasingly utilized in sports rehabilitation to improve visuomotor integration following lower extremity injuries.
  • The efficacy of VT in enhancing balance and functional recovery remains uncertain due to inconsistent research findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of VT in improving balance control and functional recovery in individuals with lower extremity injuries.
  • To compare VT interventions against standard rehabilitation or other active control groups.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted.
  • Searched eight major databases from inception to September 17, 2025, including 18 RCTs with 707 participants.
Keywords:
multisensory integrationneuromuscular rehabilitationpostural controlvisuomotor integration

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

A Human-machine-interface Integrating Low-cost Sensors with a Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation System for Post-stroke Balance Rehabilitation
11:06

A Human-machine-interface Integrating Low-cost Sensors with a Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation System for Post-stroke Balance Rehabilitation

Published on: April 12, 2016

  • Extracted data on participant demographics, intervention protocols, and outcomes related to static/dynamic balance and functional recovery.

    • Main Results:

    • VT demonstrated significant improvements in both static balance (SMD=0.46) and dynamic balance (SMD=0.88).
    • No significant improvements were observed for subjective function, physical function, or sport performance.
    • Greater benefits were noted in male participants, those with chronic ankle instability, and with stroboscopic VT protocols.

    Conclusions:

    • Visual training shows potential benefits for balance rehabilitation, particularly dynamic balance, after lower extremity injuries.
    • Current evidence does not support VT's efficacy in improving overall functional recovery or sport performance.
    • High-quality RCTs with standardized protocols are needed to increase the certainty of evidence for VT in this population.