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Related Concept Videos

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
Electrochemical Cells01:28

Electrochemical Cells

Electrochemical cells are systems that convert chemical energy into electrical energy or use electrical energy to drive chemical reactions. They consist of two electrodes in contact with an electrolyte, where redox reactions enable electron transfer. Most electrochemical cells include two half-cells connected by an external wire for electron flow and a salt bridge for ion flow. The salt bridge contains an electrolyte solution and maintains charge neutrality by allowing ions—not electrons—to...
Electrolysis03:00

Electrolysis

In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
Voltaic/Galvanic Cells02:47

Voltaic/Galvanic Cells

Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Protocol of Electrochemical Test and Characterization of Aprotic Li-O2 Battery
08:18

Protocol of Electrochemical Test and Characterization of Aprotic Li-O2 Battery

Published on: July 12, 2016

Constructing Coupled Ion-Electron Pathways for Efficient Oxygen Chemistry in Solid-State Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.

Bing-Qing Xiong1, Xiaoye Liu2, Dazhuang Wang1

  • 1Hefei National Research Center For Physical Science At the Microscale, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|June 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel catalyst for solid-state lithium-oxygen batteries (SSLOBs). This breakthrough enhances ion and electron transport, boosting battery performance and stability for advanced energy storage.

Keywords:
Li‐O2 batteryinterface chemistrymixed ion‐electron catalystsolid‐state electrolyteultrafast high‐temperature sintering

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Screening of Coatings for an All-Solid-State Battery Using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
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Screening of Coatings for an All-Solid-State Battery Using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

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Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Protocol of Electrochemical Test and Characterization of Aprotic Li-O2 Battery
08:18

Protocol of Electrochemical Test and Characterization of Aprotic Li-O2 Battery

Published on: July 12, 2016

Screening of Coatings for an All-Solid-State Battery Using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
07:20

Screening of Coatings for an All-Solid-State Battery Using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: January 20, 2023

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
10:03

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Solid-state lithium-oxygen batteries (SSLOBs) offer high energy density and safety.
  • Sluggish oxygen-redox kinetics at air cathodes limit practical SSLOB performance.
  • Achieving fast ion/electron transport and high catalytic activity simultaneously is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a monolithic mixed ionic-electronic catalyst (MMIEC) cathode for SSLOBs.
  • To create coupled ion-electron pathways for enhanced charge transport.
  • To improve oxygen-redox kinetics and overall battery performance.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a monolithic mixed ionic-electronic catalyst (MMIEC) using LiCoO2 (LCO) as a model system.
  • Ultrafast thermal integration to create a seamless interface between the cathode and solid electrolyte.
  • Characterization of ion and electron transport pathways and catalytic activity.

Main Results:

  • Established continuous Li+ and electron percolation networks within the MMIEC cathode.
  • Demonstrated surface-enriched Co3+/Co4+ redox couples as active catalytic centers.
  • Achieved an ultrahigh discharge capacity of 12970 mAh g-1 and stable cycling over 400 cycles.
  • Reduced voltage polarization to 1.0 V.

Conclusions:

  • Coupling catalytic activity with robust ionic-electronic pathways is essential for high-performance SSLOBs.
  • The MMIEC architecture effectively mediates oxygen-redox reactions.
  • This strategy significantly advances the development of practical SSLOBs.