Recent advancements in 1,2,3-triazole-based derivatives as antidiabetic agents: Synthesis and biological insights

Type-2 diabetes mellitus remains a significant global health challenge, pointing to a continuous search for more effective and selective therapeutic agents. The 1,2,3-triazole scaffolds have been highlighted as potential pharmacophores in this field over the past decade owing to their high metabolic stability, favorable electronic properties, and versatile capacity to participate in hydrogen bonding and π-stacking interactions within enzymatic binding sites. This review provides a comprehensive and critical analysis of the advancements during the last ten years in 1,2,3-triazole-based antidiabetic research in the synthesis and biological evaluation of new derivatives as potential drugs. Such new derivatives are based on compounds synthesized via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), a methodology which allows the synthesis of structurally diverse libraries of triazole-based targets.