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Advancing in precision asthma management: The Treat-to-Target by Treatable Traits (T4) framework
Inês Farinha1, Francisco Javier Álvarez-Gutiérrez2, Luis Pérez de Llano3
1Pulmonology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde da Região de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal.
Respiratory Medicine
|June 6, 2026
Summary
The Treat-to-Target by Treatable Traits (T4) Framework personalizes severe asthma management. This approach uses patient traits to guide targeted therapies, aiming for remission and improved quality of life.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Personalized Medicine
Background:
- Severe asthma management is shifting towards personalized medicine.
- Biologic therapies offer new treatment avenues.
- Integrating clinical, functional, and biological traits is key.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce the Treat-to-Target by Treatable Traits (T4) Framework.
- To propose a unified concept for severe asthma management.
- To emphasize remission as a treatment goal.
Main Methods:
- Narrative review of current severe asthma management strategies.
- Conceptualization of the T4 Framework.
- Integration of Treatable Traits and Treat-to-Target principles.
Main Results:
- The T4 Framework offers a trait-oriented, target-focused paradigm for severe asthma.
- Remission is presented as an achievable and meaningful target.
- Tailored treatment approaches are crucial for heterogeneous disease features.
Conclusions:
- The T4 Framework streamlines treatment strategies for severe asthma.
- Personalized management can significantly improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
- Implementing the T4 Framework facilitates more effective severe asthma control.
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