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Updated: Jun 8, 2026

A Computational Modeling Approach to Investigate the Influence of Hyperthermia on the Tumor Microenvironment

A Computational Modeling Approach to Investigate the Influence of Hyperthermia on the Tumor Microenvironment

Published on: December 1, 2023

Indirect calorimetry in oncology: A case-based clinical tutorial.

Vivian V Nguyen¹, Pamela Funk-Debleds², Kate Furness³

¹University of Alberta, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN

|June 6, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Indirect calorimetry (IC) offers more accurate resting energy expenditure (REE) assessments in cancer patients than standard weight-based methods. This approach supports personalized nutrition care by revealing metabolic variability in oncology.

Keywords:

Cancer Energy Indirect calorimetry Malnutrition Oncology

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Last Updated: Jun 8, 2026

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Published on: January 13, 2023

Area of Science:

Oncology Nutrition
Metabolic Assessment
Clinical Nutrition

Background:

Malnutrition is prevalent in adult cancer patients, increasing complications and mortality.
Resting energy expenditure (REE) in oncology is highly variable due to disease and treatment factors.
Current predictive equations may inaccurately estimate energy needs, leading to suboptimal nutritional prescriptions.

Purpose of the Study:

To illustrate the clinical interpretation and application of indirect calorimetry (IC) in adult oncology patients.
To highlight the variability of REE in cancer patients.
To demonstrate the utility of IC in guiding individualized nutrition care.

Main Methods:

Nine adult oncology patients with diverse clinical scenarios were studied.
Data included clinical context, nutritional history, anthropometrics, body composition, handgrip strength, GLIM classification, and IC measurements.
Case discussions involved interpreting measured REE, estimated total energy expenditure (TEE), and energy balance.

Main Results:

Measured REE exhibited significant heterogeneity, with both hypermetabolic and hypometabolic states observed.
IC-derived energy requirements frequently differed from guideline weight-based recommendations.
Factors like inflammation, liver metastases, sarcopenia, and surgery were associated with REE variability.

Conclusions:

Indirect calorimetry provides more accurate energy assessments in oncology patients compared to weight-based methods.
IC reveals substantial variability in REE, underscoring the need for individualized assessment.
This tutorial emphasizes IC's role in precise energy prescription for oncology nutrition.