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Psychological need satisfaction and adverse drug reaction reporting intention: An integrated model among healthcare
Wei-Ju Wang1, Su-Han Hsu2, Shih-Horng Huang3
1Department of Pharmacy, Taipei City Hospital Yangming Branch, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Background:
Underreporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) remains a major challenge in pharmacovigilance systems worldwide. Understanding the psychological and behavioral determinants of reporting intention may inform more effective interventions.
Objective:
This study aimed to examine behavioral and psychological determinants influencing ADR reporting intentions among healthcare professionals using an integrated model based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) framework.
Methods:
A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted among healthcare professionals (physicians, pharmacists and nurses) in Taiwan between January and April 2023 (N = 534). Constructs were developed based on Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction (BPNS) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to examine the structure of subjective norm components, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to assess hypothesized relationships.
Results:
BPNS showed a significant positive direct association with ADR reporting intention (β = 1.117, p < 0.001). Attitude (β = 0.124, p = 0.032) and motivation to comply (β = 0.163, p < 0.001) were positively associated with intention, whereas normative beliefs (β = -0.586, p = 0.005) and knowledge (β = -0.124, p < 0.001) showed negative associations. Perceived behavioral control was not significantly associated with intention (p = 0.312). BPNS also demonstrated significant indirect effects through motivational and normative pathways.
Conclusions:
ADR reporting intention is shaped not only by cognitive evaluations but also by psychological needs and motivational processes. The overall TPB constructs did not uniformly predict intention, highlighting the importance of distinguishing between different normative components. Interventions focusing solely on knowledge or normative pressure may be insufficient. Strategies that support healthcare professionals' autonomy, competence, and relatedness may foster more sustainable improvements in pharmacovigilance participation.
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