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Quasinormal Mode Basis for Open Floquet Photonic Systems.

Yuchen Sun1, Shanhui Fan2, Guangwei Hu1

  • 1Nanyang Technological University, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Singapore 639798, Singapore.

Physical Review Letters
|June 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We introduce a new Floquet-quasinormal mode theory for open photonic systems. This framework rigorously analyzes time-varying systems and reveals phenomena beyond current theories.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Quantum Optics
  • Non-Hermitian Physics

Background:

  • Quasinormal modes (QNM) describe resonances in open non-Hermitian systems.
  • A first-principles theory for time-varying open systems, integrating internal Floquet dynamics and external excitation, is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop a generalized ab initio Floquet-quasinormal mode theory for open Floquet photonic systems.
  • Enable rigorous analysis of mode coupling and eigenmode response in time-varying open systems.
  • Provide a framework for efficient first-principles simulations of complex photonic phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a generalized ab initio Floquet-quasinormal mode theory.
  • Applied the theory to analyze mode coupling induced by time modulation.
  • Calculated the scattering cross section of a spherical particle with a time-modulated shell.
  • Decoupled spectral and spatial evaluations for efficient simulations.

Main Results:

  • Revealed complex phenomena in open Floquet photonic systems inaccessible to phenomenological theories.
  • Demonstrated rigorous analysis of mode coupling and measurable eigenmode response under external excitation.
  • Presented a case study of photonic Autler-Townes splitting in a time-modulated spherical particle.
  • Achieved efficient first-principles simulations by decoupling spectral and spatial evaluations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Floquet-quasinormal mode theory provides a powerful tool for understanding time-varying open photonic systems.
  • This framework enables the study of phenomena like photonic Autler-Townes splitting with first-principles accuracy.
  • The decoupling strategy significantly enhances simulation efficiency, avoiding costly full-wave resimulations.