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Risk of Insomnia Disorder in Japanese Cancer Patients: A Matched Cohort Study Using Employer-Based Health Insurance
Risa Murakami1, Hiroyuki Sato1, Akihiro Hirakawa1
1Department of Clinical Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institution of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Cancer Medicine
|June 7, 2026
Summary
Japanese cancer patients face a significantly higher risk of developing insomnia disorder compared to cancer-free individuals. This increased risk, particularly for certain cancer types, underscores the need for regular insomnia assessment and intervention in cancer care.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Sleep Medicine
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Insomnia is a prevalent symptom impacting cancer patients' quality of life.
- Previous research has not specifically examined insomnia risk in Japanese cancer patients versus the general population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between a cancer diagnosis and the risk of developing insomnia disorder.
- Utilizing a Japanese health insurance claims database for population-based analysis.
Main Methods:
- A population-based matched cohort study comparing cancer patients and cancer-free individuals.
- Primary outcome: time to onset of insomnia disorder.
- Multivariate analyses, including hazard ratio (HR) calculations, were employed.
Main Results:
- Cancer patients exhibited a significantly shorter time to insomnia disorder onset (p < 0.001).
- Cancer status showed the highest HR (3.39) for insomnia disorder.
- Elevated insomnia risk was observed in patients with esophageal, multiple, gallbladder/biliary tract, and bone/articular cartilage cancers.
Conclusions:
- Japanese cancer patients have an increased risk of insomnia disorder compared to cancer-free individuals.
- The risk is notably higher for cancers with poor prognosis or significant quality of life impact.
- Frequent assessment and timely intervention for insomnia are crucial in cancer patient care.
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