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Related Concept Videos

Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...

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Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Motor Imagery Brain-Computer Interface in Rehabilitation of Upper Limb Motor Dysfunction After Stroke
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Association of Interhemispheric Structural Integrity With Transcallosal Interhemispheric Inhibition in People With

Brice Thomas Cleland1, Amanda Bardhoshi2, Sangeetha Madhavan1

  • 1Brain Plasticity Lab, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Journal of Neuroscience Research
|June 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study links corpus callosum integrity to brain communication after stroke. Better white matter structure correlates with improved motor function and coordination via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) measures.

Keywords:
corpus callosumdiffusion weighted MRIlower limbneural pathwaysstroketranscranial magnetic stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Interhemispheric communication is crucial for motor control and is often disrupted following a stroke.
  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-induced interhemispheric inhibition is hypothesized to involve the corpus callosum, but this link is unproven in chronic stroke survivors.
  • Understanding this pathway is vital for developing targeted neurorehabilitation strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the structural integrity of the corpus callosum and TMS-measured interhemispheric inhibition in individuals with chronic stroke.
  • To determine if corpus callosum white matter integrity relates to motor impairment and interlimb coordination post-stroke.

Main Methods:

  • 33 individuals with chronic stroke underwent diffusion-weighted imaging to assess fractional anisotropy (FA) in the corpus callosum pathway connecting motor cortices.
  • TMS was used to measure interhemispheric inhibition via the ipsilateral silent period (iSP) in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of both legs.
  • Correlations were analyzed between FA values, iSP duration, Fugl Meyer Lower Extremity (FMLE) scores for motor impairment, and interlimb coordination.

Main Results:

  • Fractional anisotropy values indicated white matter damage within the corpus callosum.
  • Ipsilateral silent periods were successfully recorded in both paretic and non-paretic legs.
  • Higher FA values in the corpus callosum were significantly associated with shorter iSP duration in the paretic TA, improved interlimb coordination, and reduced motor impairment.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that TMS-induced interhemispheric inhibition is, at least partially, mediated through the corpus callosum.
  • Preservation of corpus callosum white matter integrity following stroke may support better interhemispheric inhibition, motor function, and coordination.
  • This highlights the potential role of the corpus callosum in stroke recovery and rehabilitation.