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Environmental Social Work as a Polycentric Praxis Field: A Bibliometric and Full-Text Topic Modeling Analysis

Mel Gray¹, Emrah Akbas², Qian Meng³

¹School of Humanities, Creative Industries and Social Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.

Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work (2019)

|June 8, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Environmental social work (ESW) has grown additively, not paradigmatically, leading to diverse themes but lacking a dominant framework. This evolving field is best viewed as a political-normative practice, not a unified discipline.

Keywords:

Environment bibliometric analysis environmental social work full-text topic modeling social work

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Area of Science:

Social Work
Environmental Studies
Sociology

Background:

Environmental social work (ESW) is characterized by strong political and normative stances on environmental crises.
The field possesses a limited empirical evidence base regarding professional practice and impact.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the long-term development of environmental social work scholarship.
To analyze the structure and evolution of ESW discourse and its empirical grounding.

Main Methods:

A mixed-methods approach combining bibliometrics and full-text topic modeling (LDA, STM) was employed.
Analysis included 761 publications from 1966-2025 across Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar.
Lexical-semantic analysis and science mapping techniques were utilized.

Main Results:

ESW expanded additively, accumulating discourses without displacing earlier ones, resulting in thematic dispersion and conceptual plurality.
Four dominant framing styles (crisis-emergency, justice-advocacy, pedagogical-competency, ecological-relational-spiritual) coexisted with weak integration.
No single paradigm achieved dominance, indicating multiple centers of influence.

Conclusions:

Environmental social work is best understood as a polycentric, evolving political-normative praxis field.
The field is not yet a coherent theoretical sub-discipline due to its additive growth and fragmented framing.
Future development may benefit from enhanced integration of its diverse theoretical and practical approaches.