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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Enhancing Tumor Content through Tumor Macrodissection
10:04

Enhancing Tumor Content through Tumor Macrodissection

Published on: February 12, 2022

Integrated Genomic and Tumor Microenvironment Subtyping Improved Risk Stratification in Primary Central Nervous

Xianggui Yuan1, Qian Luo1, Yurong Huang2

  • 1Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

American Journal of Hematology
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

New genomic subtypes and tumor microenvironment (TME) classifications for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) identify a high-risk subgroup. This discovery offers a framework for improved risk stratification and targeted therapies in PCNSL patients.

Keywords:
CD8+T/M2 ratiogenomic subtypesprimary central nervous system lymphomaprognostic stratificationtumor microenvironment

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Enhancing Tumor Content through Tumor Macrodissection
10:04

Enhancing Tumor Content through Tumor Macrodissection

Published on: February 12, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Current prognostic models for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) do not fully encompass its biological complexity.
  • There is a need for improved methods to predict outcomes and guide treatment strategies for PCNSL.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To integrate genomic and tumor microenvironment (TME) data to define novel subtypes of PCNSL.
  • To identify distinct biological subgroups with differential survival outcomes.
  • To develop a framework for hypothesis generation in biomarker-driven risk stratification and therapeutic discovery for PCNSL.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-genome sequencing and multiplex immunofluorescence were performed on 68 treatment-naïve PCNSL patients.
  • Genomic subtypes (C1-C4) were defined based on sequencing data.
  • Tumor microenvironment (TME) classification was established using the CD8+ T/M2 macrophage ratio.

Main Results:

  • Four distinct genomic subtypes (C1-C4) were identified, with C4 associated with poorer survival (median OS 26 months).
  • The TME classification yielded High, Intermediate, and Low groups, with the Intermediate group exhibiting the worst outcomes (5-year OS 10%).
  • A highly lethal subgroup (C4 + Intermediate TME) comprising 9.8% of patients had a median OS of 3.0 months (HR=7.24, p=0.006).
  • Prognostic nomograms incorporating these subtypes demonstrated good internal validation (C-index > 0.78).

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully defined novel genomic subtypes and a TME classification for PCNSL.
  • These classifications identified a high-risk biological subset with significantly reduced overall survival.
  • The findings provide a foundation for future research into biomarker-driven risk stratification and novel therapeutic strategies for PCNSL.