Transforming Urological Care With Artificial Intelligence Chatbots: From Digital Assistants to Clinical Partners

Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are transforming the delivery of urological care, evolving from simple digital assistants into emerging clinical partners that support patients and clinicians across the care continuum. This review traces this transformation by examining the development, clinical applications, and persistent challenges of AI-driven chatbots in urology. Across the patient journey, these systems are reshaping how urological care is accessed and experienced, from early symptom screening and patient education to lifestyle management, clinical decision support, and postoperative follow-up. Although these advances show considerable promise, important challenges remain regarding accuracy, data privacy, and empathic communication. Looking ahead, next-generation multimodal and on-device AI systems may further advance this transformation, positioning chatbots as increasingly important clinical partners in the delivery of high-quality, personalized, and patient-centered urological care.