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Related Concept Videos

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...

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Mining cancer genomes for copy number alterations identifies glycosylation enzymes as oncogenic drivers.

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Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts from Mouse Mammary Tumors as Tools for Molecular and Computational Studies
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Published on: July 3, 2025

Glycosyltransferases as Oncogenic Drivers: Lessons from Cancer Genome Mining.

Pranoy Sahu1, Francesco Russo1, Domenico Russo1

  • 1Institute of Endotypes in Oncology, Metabolism and Immunology "G. Salvatore," National Research Council of Italy, Naples, Italy.

DNA and Cell Biology
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glycosylation, the process of adding sugars to molecules, is a key driver of cancer. Researchers found that alterations in glycosyltransferase genes can promote tumor growth, making the glycosylation machinery a new therapeutic target.

Keywords:
Golgi apparatuscancer glycomicscopy number alterationsglycocalyxglycosyltransferasesoncogenesisprecision oncology

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Glycosylation is the most abundant post-translational modification in eukaryotes.
  • The role of glycosylation machinery in cancer development has been historically underestimated.
  • Alterations in glycosylation are common in malignant cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel oncogenic drivers within the glycosylation machinery.
  • To investigate the role of glycosyltransferases in cancer initiation and progression.
  • To explore therapeutic strategies targeting glycosylation pathways in cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic analysis of large-scale cancer genomic datasets.
  • Mining for somatic copy number alterations in glycosyltransferase genes.
  • Bioinformatic analysis of gene expression and copy number data.

Main Results:

  • Glycosyltransferases were identified as a new class of oncogenic amplification targets.
  • Evidence suggests specific glycosyltransferase alterations can drive oncogenesis.
  • The Golgi apparatus is highlighted as a central hub for aberrant glycan biosynthesis in cancer.

Conclusions:

  • The glycosylation machinery is an active driver of cancer, not just a bystander.
  • Targeting glycosyltransferases presents a promising new therapeutic avenue for cancer treatment.
  • Further research into glycosylation pathways is crucial for advancing cancer therapy.