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Hybrid Zones

Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.Gene flow and natural selection are evolutionary mechanisms that shape the outcome of a hybrid zone. Gene flow...
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Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
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Integrative Genomics Identifies Candidate Genes Underlying Trypanotolerance in Hybrid African Cattle.

Gillian P McHugo1, James A Ward1, Said Ismael Ng'ang'a2,3

  • 1UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science University College Dublin Dublin Ireland.

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Integrative genomics identified genes linked to cattle

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Area of Science:

  • Integrative genomics and livestock genetics.
  • Evolutionary adaptation and disease resistance in cattle.

Background:

  • African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT) significantly impacts livestock production.
  • Trypanotolerance is a key genetic adaptation in some African cattle breeds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify candidate genes underlying trypanotolerance in African cattle using integrative genomics.
  • To understand the genetic basis of adaptation to trypanosome infections.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated local ancestry inference (LAI) from SNP data with RNA-seq and microarray data.
  • Analyzed multiple trypanotolerant and susceptible cattle populations and tissues.
  • Performed functional analysis of candidate genes and associated pathways.

Main Results:

  • Identified several candidate genes for trypanotolerance, including AGO2, CBL, CNOT1, EDN1, IL1B, NFKB1, RIPK1, and TRAF2.
  • Functional analysis highlighted immune system and cell signaling pathways, including the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC).

Conclusions:

  • The study provides insights into the genetic architecture of trypanotolerance.
  • Results pave the way for elucidating cellular networks driving resistance to trypanosomiasis in cattle.