Sellar-parasellar Epstein-Barr virus associated smooth muscle tumour mimicking a pituitary adenoma: A case report

Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumours (EBV-SMTs) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms. These tumours almost exclusively occur in immunocompromised individuals, with the three main causes being Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), post-organ transplantation immunosuppressants and congenital immunodeficiency. We report the case of an intracranial Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumour in a 54-year-old male with a long-standing history of HIV and immunosuppression. This tumour originated in the sellar region and extended into the cavernous sinus. To the authors' knowledge, this is the fourth reported case of a sellar EBV-SMT. Diagnosis is dependent on histopathological analysis and despite having an indolent course, EBV-SMTs with central nervous system invasion are likely to cause neurological deficits, which can hinder survival and quality of life.