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Related Concept Videos

Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material for adaptive...
Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...

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Related Experiment Videos

Evolving trends in cryptomining malware: a systematic literature review.

Ema Mauko1, Sara Rubini1, Chimdi Igwe2

  • 1Department of Security and Crime Science, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9EZ UK.

Crime Science
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Cryptojacking, the unauthorized use of computing resources for cryptocurrency mining, poses a growing cyber threat. This review details its evolution, impact, detection, and mitigation strategies for enhanced cybersecurity.

Keywords:
CryptocurrencyCryptojackingCryptomining malwareCybercrimeSystematic review

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Cybersecurity
  • Computer Science
  • Digital Forensics

Background:

  • Cryptojacking involves the covert utilization of victim resources for unauthorized cryptocurrency mining.
  • This practice has escalated into a significant cyber threat since the advent of Bitcoin.
  • Cryptomining malware hijacks computational power, degrading performance without user consent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the literature on cryptojacking malware.
  • To trace the evolution, dissemination, and detection trends of cryptojacking.
  • To identify security recommendations and future developments in combating cryptojacking.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of 119 articles.
  • Analysis of cryptojacking evolution, trends, and impact.
  • Identification and discussion of detection methods and security recommendations.

Main Results:

  • The cryptojacking threat landscape expanded significantly around 2017 and continues to grow.
  • The threat impacts individual devices (IoT, mobile, cloud) and critical infrastructure.
  • Effective detection methods include network traffic analysis, CPU monitoring, and machine learning.
  • Security recommendations encompass browser extensions, patch management, and network blocking.

Conclusions:

  • A unified, multi-stakeholder security strategy is crucial to mitigate the pervasive cryptojacking threat.
  • Continuous adaptation and vigilance are necessary to counter evolving cryptojacking techniques.
  • Addressing cryptojacking requires a comprehensive approach involving technical and policy measures.