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Focusing on Ambient-Processed Active Layers for Organic Solar Cells with High Humidity Tolerance.

Qingqing Bai1, Xinkang Wang1, Jialong Xie1

  • 1Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy and Information Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.

Polymer Science & Technology (Washington, D.C.)
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Molecular engineering enhances organic solar cells (OSCs) for humidity-tolerant ambient processing. This strategy overcomes moisture-induced degradation, enabling high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) even in humid conditions.

Keywords:
Organic solar cellsair-processingbulk heterojunctionfilm morphologyhigh humidity tolerancehydrophobic modificationmolecular engineeringsiloxane side chains

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Renewable Energy Technologies

Background:

  • Organic solar cells (OSCs) offer advantages like flexibility and solution processability for next-generation photovoltaics.
  • Achieving high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) above 20% is common in inert atmospheres, but ambient processing remains a hurdle for scalability.
  • Moisture penetration severely degrades OSC performance by creating defects, imbalancing charge transport, and disrupting morphology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in humidity-tolerant ambient-processed OSCs.
  • To highlight molecular engineering strategies for improving intrinsic moisture resistance in OSCs.
  • To categorize donor:acceptor systems based on processing humidity levels.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of recent literature on humidity-tolerant OSCs.
  • Categorization of OSC systems by processing relative humidity (RH).
  • Analysis of molecular engineering approaches, including functional side chains and small-molecule additives.

Main Results:

  • Molecular engineering strategies effectively enhance moisture resistance in OSCs.
  • Several donor:acceptor systems demonstrate high PCEs (>18%) even at 90% RH.
  • Progress has been made in developing OSCs that maintain performance under ambient, humid conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular engineering is crucial for developing high-performance, humidity-tolerant OSCs for scalable fabrication.
  • Ambient processing of OSCs is becoming increasingly feasible with enhanced moisture resistance.
  • Future research should focus on further improving the durability and efficiency of OSCs under diverse environmental conditions.