Metabolomics and ultra-processed foods intake: A scoping review protocol

The association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and adverse health outcomes remains unclear regarding its mechanistic explanation. In this context, metabolomics emerges as a promising approach for identifying biomarkers and understanding the metabolic effects of these foods on the body. However, the evidence linking metabolomic profiles to UPFs consumption remains limited and heterogeneous. This scoping review aims to map and synthesize the available scientific evidence on the use of metabolomics in the study of UPFs consumption, characterize the study designs and methodological approaches employed, and identify knowledge gaps. The review will be conducted according to the JBI methodology and reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Searches will be performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS and Web of Science databases. Two reviewers will independently screen titles, abstracts, and full-text articles for inclusion. Data will be extracted using a standardized form and synthesized narratively. This review is expected to provide a comprehensive overview of the available evidence, highlight methodological heterogeneity, and identify gaps that may guide future research. The protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF).