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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Synthesis and Calibration of Phosphorescent Nanoprobes for Oxygen Imaging in Biological Systems
10:38

Synthesis and Calibration of Phosphorescent Nanoprobes for Oxygen Imaging in Biological Systems

Published on: March 3, 2010

Nontoxic Dual-Function Probe for Ratiometric Oxygen Sensing and Cellular Imaging Based on IrIII-EuIII-Functionalized

Felipe S M Canisares1,2, Alessandra M G Mutti3, João Antonio O Santos1

  • 1São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Chemistry, Av. Prof. Francisco Degni, 55 - Jardim Quitandinha, Araraquara 14800-900, São Paulo, Brazil.

ACS Omega
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed luminescent silica particles for ratiometric oxygen sensing. These particles are non-toxic and can be used for oxygen detection and cell labeling in biological applications.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Hypoxia (low oxygen) is prevalent in various diseases, driving the need for effective oxygen sensing methods.
  • Current diagnostic tools require advancement for precise oxygen level monitoring in biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize luminescent silica (SiO2) particles functionalized with an Iridium(III)-Europium(III) complex for ratiometric oxygen sensing.
  • To evaluate the particles' performance in biological media, including sensitivity, stability, and cellular uptake.
  • To assess the potential of these particles as dual-purpose probes for oxygen detection and cell labeling.

Main Methods:

  • Sol-gel synthesis of spherical SiO2 nanoparticles (288 nm).
  • Stepwise grafting of a water-insoluble bimetallic Ir(III)-Eu(III) complex onto SiO2 particles.

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  • Characterization of optical properties (excitation/emission spectra) and surface potential.
  • Ratiometric oxygen sensing experiments in biological media.
  • Cytotoxicity assays using Huh-7.5 cells and confocal microscopy for cellular uptake studies.

    • Main Results:

    • The hybrid SiO2-Eu(III)Ir(III) particles exhibited broad excitation (250-550 nm) and combined yellow emission, with stable suspension in water.
    • A nonlinear sensing response to oxygen concentration was observed, with 70.5% sensitivity.
    • No cytotoxicity was detected for the particles in concentrations ranging from 1.56 to 400 μg mL-1.
    • Confocal microscopy confirmed particle internalization into cells, retaining distinct green and red luminescent properties.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed SiO2-Eu(III)Ir(III) particles show promise as ratiometric luminescent probes for biological oxygen detection.
    • These particles can serve a dual role in oxygen sensing and cell labeling due to their luminescent properties and biocompatibility.
    • The findings support the potential application of these hybrid nanoparticles in advanced biological imaging and diagnostics.