A Pediatric Case of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome With Extensive Palmoplantar Involvement Following Varicella Infection

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a rare but dangerous clinical condition characterized by extensive skin lesions and erosive mucosal lesions. SJS is typically caused by an allergic reaction to a medicine, and occasionally, infectious causes can provoke the syndrome. The illness is considered a medical emergency, and treatment varies based on symptoms, with a focus on lesion treatment, airway and hemodynamic stability, and opportunistic infection avoidance. We report a case of 10 years old female patient who presented with chickenpox accompanied by high-grade fever. Ibuprofen was used to relieve her fever, and then she experienced a worsening skin rash, mucosal ulcers, dysphagia, and eye symptoms. SJS was compatible with clinical findings. The temporal correlation raises the possibility of a medication-related side effect triggered during the course of viral infection or by the viral infection itself. Topical and oral corticosteroids were used to treat the patient, and the patient's symptoms significantly improved. SJS is a condition that requires multidisciplinary care and management. Our case demonstrates the possibility of SJS being caused by varicella zoster infection or after taking ibuprofen while having chickenpox. It highlights the significance of identifying warning symptoms early on, such as rash and mucosal involvement, and using drugs cautiously during viral diseases. Favorable results and the avoidance of serious complications can be achieved by promptly stopping the offending medication if present, and starting the proper therapy, including corticosteroids.