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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis

An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis

Published on: September 12, 2019

Creatine Supplementation in Preclinical Models Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: A Systematic Review.

Jeffrey Shin¹, Raghavee Neupane¹, Gilberto Lopes²

¹College of Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA.

|June 8, 2026

Summary

Creatine may boost antitumor immunity and enhance cancer therapies by improving T-cell function. However, potential metastasis risks in some cancers require further study before human use.

Keywords:

cd8+ t cell activation checkpoint inhibitor therapy creatine supplement pd-1 inhibitor phosphocreatine

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Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis

An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis

Published on: September 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Immunology
Oncology
Metabolism

Background:

Creatine is known for ergogenic benefits and is being studied for immunomodulatory effects.
It enhances CD8+ T-cell bioenergetics via SLC6A8 transport and ATP buffering.
Preclinical data suggest creatine may improve antitumor immunity and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

To review preclinical evidence on creatine's effects in oncologic models treated with immune checkpoint therapy.
To determine if creatine is beneficial, neutral, or detrimental in these settings.
To identify knowledge gaps and guide future research.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of preclinical studies.
Screening of 230 articles, with 5 studies included in the final analysis.
Assessment of creatine's impact on antitumor immunity and metastasis in experimental models.

Main Results:

Creatine supplementation showed beneficial immunomodulatory and antitumor effects, particularly with PD-1 blockade.
Enhancement of T-cell metabolic fitness and macrophage responses were key mechanisms.
A potential risk of metastasis was observed in specific tumor models.

Conclusions:

Preclinical data suggest creatine may enhance ICI therapy by boosting T-cell metabolism and immune responses.
Potential pro-metastatic effects in certain cancers necessitate caution.
Absence of human data highlights the need for mechanistic studies and clinical trials to assess safety and efficacy.