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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
07:11

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

Factors Associated With Long-Term Visual Field Variability in Patients With Normal-Tension Glaucoma.

Seunghee Ha1, Sangwoo Moon2, EunAh Kim3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea, pusan.ac.kr.

Journal of Ophthalmology
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Factors like lower baseline and mean intraocular pressure (IOP), greater IOP fluctuation, thinner retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), and steeper visual field (VF) slopes increase long-term VF variability in normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) patients.

Keywords:
intraocular pressurenormal-tension glaucomaoptical coherence tomographyretinal nerve fiber layer thicknessvisual field test

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Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
07:11

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients
07:06

Binocular Dynamic Visual Acuity in Eyeglass-Corrected Myopic Patients

Published on: March 29, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Glaucoma Research
  • Visual Field Analysis

Background:

  • Normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) is characterized by optic nerve damage and visual field (VF) loss despite normal intraocular pressure (IOP).
  • Longitudinal VF testing is crucial for monitoring disease progression in NTG, but test variability can complicate interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify clinical factors associated with variability in longitudinal visual field (VF) testing among patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 114 eyes from 77 NTG patients with ≥12 reliable VF tests over ≥6 years.
  • Linear regression of total deviation values (TDVs) against time to calculate root-mean-squared error (RMSE) for VF variability.
  • Mixed-effects models incorporating intraocular pressure (IOP), retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), and VF parameters to assess variability factors.

Main Results:

  • Lower baseline IOP, lower mean IOP, greater IOP fluctuation, thinner baseline RNFLT, and steeper mean deviation (MD) slope were linked to increased long-term VF variability (p ≤ 0.031).
  • Worse baseline MD and steeper MD slope also significantly correlated with greater VF variability (p ≤ 0.004).

Conclusions:

  • Baseline and mean IOP, IOP fluctuation, baseline RNFLT, baseline MD, and MD slope are significant predictors of long-term VF variability in NTG.
  • Eyes with thin RNFLT or rapid VF deterioration may benefit from more frequent VF testing to distinguish fluctuation from true progression.