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Related Concept Videos

Cloning of Dolly the Sheep01:08

Cloning of Dolly the Sheep

The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual,  the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter telomeres than other...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Vitrification of In Vitro Matured Oocytes Collected from Adult and Prepubertal Ovaries in Sheep
06:53

Vitrification of In Vitro Matured Oocytes Collected from Adult and Prepubertal Ovaries in Sheep

Published on: July 10, 2021

Overcoming Batch Variability: A Chemically Defined XRS-Based System for Ovine In Vitro Embryo Production.

Yun Wang1, Enci Wang1, Qingqing Chen1

  • 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, China, shzu.edu.cn.

Veterinary Medicine International
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

XRS Standard serum replacer effectively replaced animal-derived fetal bovine serum (FBS) and estrous sheep serum (ESS) in sheep in vitro fertilization (IVF). The XRS/XRS combination significantly improved blastocyst rates, offering a scalable, ethical alternative for ovine embryo production.

Keywords:
in vitro fertilization (IVF)in vitro maturation (IVM)ovine embryosserum replacerthe 3Rs

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Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Vitrification of In Vitro Matured Oocytes Collected from Adult and Prepubertal Ovaries in Sheep
06:53

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Published on: July 10, 2021

Functional Cloning Using a Xenopus Oocyte Expression System
09:40

Functional Cloning Using a Xenopus Oocyte Expression System

Published on: January 30, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Embryology
  • Animal Biotechnology

Background:

  • Conventional sheep in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) use fetal bovine serum (FBS) and estrous sheep serum (ESS).
  • FBS and ESS present challenges including batch variability, ethical concerns, and limited supply.
  • There is a need for reliable, animal-component-free alternatives in ovine embryo production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate XRS Standard serum replacer as a complete substitute for FBS and ESS in sheep IVEP.
  • To compare the efficacy of different serum combinations on sheep embryo development.

Main Methods:

  • A 2x2 factorial design was used to test four IVM/IVF media combinations: FBS/ESS, FBS/XRS, XRS/ESS, and XRS/XRS.
  • Each additive was used at 10% v/v in IVM and IVF media.
  • Cleavage rates (Day 2) and blastocyst development (Day 7) were quantified; blastocyst cell numbers were also assessed.

Main Results:

  • The XRS/XRS group achieved significantly higher blastocyst rates (22.45%) compared to the conventional FBS/ESS control (11.00%), a 2.0-fold improvement (p < 0.01).
  • The FBS/XRS combination showed intermediate efficacy (15.43%), while ESS-supplemented groups had reduced competence.
  • Total blastocyst cell numbers were comparable across all groups, indicating preserved embryo quality.

Conclusions:

  • XRS Standard serum replacer can completely replace FBS and ESS in sheep IVEP, maintaining embryo developmental competence.
  • This animal-component-free protocol aligns with the 3Rs (reduction, refinement, replacement) principles.
  • The findings offer a scalable and ethical solution for commercial ovine embryo production.