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Infections associated with peripheral venous catheters: A scoping review.
Camila Piuco Preve1,2, Luis Gustavo Sampaio1,3, Fernanda Klagenberg Arenhardt4
1Medical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Journal of Infection Prevention
|June 8, 2026
Summary
Peripheral venous catheter (PVC) bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a significant concern, varying by region and preventable with strategies like staff education and improved antisepsis. Further research is needed, especially in low-resource settings.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
- Medical Devices
Background:
- Peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) are common vascular access devices.
- PVCs can lead to serious adverse events, notably bloodstream infections (BSIs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively map the existing scientific literature on PVC-associated bloodstream infections (PVC-BSIs).
Main Methods:
- A scoping review was performed, analyzing 67 studies from major databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO, EMBASE, LILACS/BIREME).
- Data synthesis focused on incidence, microbiology, risk factors, prevention, and economic impact.
Main Results:
- PVC-BSI incidence varies geographically, with higher rates in developing regions (e.g., Latin America, Middle East) compared to high-income countries.
- Effective prevention includes staff education, bundle implementation, chlorhexidine-alcohol antisepsis, and innovative devices.
- Staphylococcus spp. are common pathogens, but Gram-negative bacilli may be increasing; risk factors include insertion site and catheter gauge.
Conclusions:
- PVC-BSIs are an important public health issue, potentially underestimated due to reporting and diagnostic variability.
- Standardized definitions, surveillance, training, and research in low- and middle-income countries are crucial for improved prevention and management.
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