Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes

Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
The Electrical Double Layer01:30

The Electrical Double Layer

In the region where two bulk phases meet, an intricate electric charge distribution arises due to charge transfer, ion adsorption, molecular orientation, and charge distortion. This complex distribution is commonly referred to as the electrical double layer.When a solid electrode interfaces with ions in an electrolyte solution, the speed of electron transfer dictates the rates of oxidation and reduction. The electrode acquires a charge through the escape of atoms into the solution as cations or...
Predicting Molecular Geometry02:27

Predicting Molecular Geometry

VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Concentrated and Rapid Heat Release in AP Decomposition: Reductive Ligand-Metal Synergy in Energetic Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Achieving Excellent Nonlinear Optics in α‑Ba<sub>2</sub>Ge<sub>4</sub>S<sub>10</sub> via Flux‑Induced Symmetry Breaking.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Unlocking Structural Anisotropy by Guest-Symmetry Modulation Strategy to Achieve Giant Birefringence in Molecular Crystals.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Surface Donor-Acceptor Dipole Coupling for Enhanced Conductance and Photoresponse in SnO<sub>2</sub> Semiconductor.

Small methods·2026
Same author

Water-Operable Photochromic Perovskite-Like Materials for Rewritable Anti-Counterfeiting and Display.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Isostructural Energetic Coordination Compounds Based on 1,2-Dimethylimidazole and Cyanoborohydride toward High-Performance Hypergolic Fuels.

Inorganic chemistry·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of Chalcogenidoplumbates(II or IV)
10:42

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of Chalcogenidoplumbates(II or IV)

Published on: December 29, 2016

Breaking Layered Limitations via Electrostatic-to-Covalent Conversion toward Three-Dimensional T2-Cluster-Based

Shao-Min Pei1,2, Jun-Long Chen1,3, Xiao-Ming Jiang1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed new 3D nonlinear optical (NLO) chalcogenides by replacing barium with magnesium, overcoming 2D crystal limitations. These novel materials exhibit enhanced structural connectivity and promising NLO properties for advanced applications.

More Related Videos

Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment
09:25

Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment

Published on: July 5, 2019

Facet-to-facet Linking of Shape-anisotropic Colloidal Cadmium Chalcogenide Nanostructures
09:12

Facet-to-facet Linking of Shape-anisotropic Colloidal Cadmium Chalcogenide Nanostructures

Published on: August 10, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2026

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of Chalcogenidoplumbates(II or IV)
10:42

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of Chalcogenidoplumbates(II or IV)

Published on: December 29, 2016

Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment
09:25

Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment

Published on: July 5, 2019

Facet-to-facet Linking of Shape-anisotropic Colloidal Cadmium Chalcogenide Nanostructures
09:12

Facet-to-facet Linking of Shape-anisotropic Colloidal Cadmium Chalcogenide Nanostructures

Published on: August 10, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry
  • Nonlinear Optics

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) layered nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals face limitations in structural connectivity and anisotropic growth.
  • Previous attempts to modify RbGaS2 resulted in retained 2D architectures due to electrostatic interlayer forces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overcome the limitations of 2D layered NLO crystals.
  • To synthesize novel 3D chalcogenides with improved structural properties and NLO functionality.

Main Methods:

  • Compositional replacement of barium with magnesium in a polycation-substitution strategy.
  • Adjustments to synthesis conditions.
  • Theoretical calculations to analyze interlayer bonding.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of two new 3D salt-inclusion chalcogenides: A[A4Mg3Cl3][Ga12S22] (A = Rb, Cs).
  • Reorganization of the 2D layered architecture into a 3D interconnected framework.
  • Conversion of electrostatic interlayer interactions to more covalent Mg-S/Mg-Cl bonds.
  • Compounds exhibit wide band gaps (3.47-3.54 eV) and high laser-induced damage thresholds.
  • Competitive second-harmonic generation (SHG) responses (1.2-1.7 × AgGaS2).

Conclusions:

  • The developed 3D chalcogenides overcome the inherent limitations of 2D layered structures.
  • The findings offer a new structural design strategy for 3D T2-cluster-based chalcogenides with enhanced NLO properties.