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Realizing Electro-Optic Switching and Radiative Cooling in Smart Window Films via Fluorinated Monomer Doping.

Ping Yu1, Boyu Chen2, Yanqing Zhang1

  • 1Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Liquid Crystal Polymer Intelligent Display, School of Electronic Information, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed new smart windows using fluorinated monomers. These windows reduce energy for cooling and offer passive radiative cooling, lowering building temperatures without external power.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Sustainable Energy
  • Optoelectronics

Background:

  • Building energy consumption is high, particularly for cooling.
  • Current smart windows (PDLC) have limitations like high voltage requirements and lack passive cooling.
  • Innovative solutions are needed for dynamic solar modulation and thermal management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create multifunctional polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) smart windows.
  • To enhance PDLC devices with passive radiative cooling capabilities.
  • To reduce driving voltages for smart window applications.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporating fluorinated monomers into the PDLC polymer matrix.
  • Analyzing the effects of fluorine on phase separation and surface free energy.
Keywords:
electrically switchable transmittanceliquid crystalradiative-coolingsmart windowthermal regulation

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  • Evaluating electro-optical properties and mid-infrared emissivity for passive cooling.

    • Main Results:

    • Fluorinated monomers improved phase separation and reduced surface free energy.
    • Threshold and saturation voltages decreased to one-third of control values.
    • Films achieved high mid-infrared emissivity (>0.9) for passive radiative cooling, showing 1.5 °C subambient cooling under 500 W/m² solar irradiance.

    Conclusions:

    • Tailored fluorinated monomers enable multifunctional PDLC smart windows.
    • These windows combine active electro-optical modulation with passive thermal management.
    • This approach offers a sustainable strategy for building facades, reducing energy demand.