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Related Concept Videos

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Introduction01:23

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Introduction

Oral drug delivery is the most common route of administration due to its convenience, cost-effectiveness, and high patient compliance. It enables precise formulation to ensure proper drug dosage and bioavailability. The development of oral dosage forms considers drug properties such as solubility, stability, and absorption to optimize therapeutic efficacy.Tablets, capsules, liquids, and chewable formulations enhance drug stability, mask undesirable tastes, and improve patient experience.
Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the gastrointestinal...
Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
Drugs in...
Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types01:27

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems01:26

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement01:27

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement

After oral administration, poor permeability often limits the rate at which drugs are absorbed through the intestinal epithelium. Enhancing drug permeability is crucial for effective therapy, and several strategies have been developed to overcome this challenge.One effective strategy involves the use of lipid-based formulations. These formulations enhance dissolution and solubility, targeting physiological mechanisms to increase drug absorption. This includes stimulating bile salt secretion,...

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Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Oral Intubation of Adult Zebrafish: A Model for Evaluating Intestinal Uptake of Bioactive Compounds
04:33

Oral Intubation of Adult Zebrafish: A Model for Evaluating Intestinal Uptake of Bioactive Compounds

Published on: September 27, 2018

A Simple and Precise Feed-Based Approach to Oral Drug Delivery in Fish.

Neha Rajput1, Jacob Hudock1, Justin W Kenney2

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Wayne State University.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel gelatin-based feeding method allows for rapid, precise drug delivery in fish, minimizing stress and improving accuracy for research. This technique enhances fish models for behavioral pharmacology and drug administration studies.

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Oral Intubation of Adult Zebrafish: A Model for Evaluating Intestinal Uptake of Bioactive Compounds
04:33

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Published on: September 27, 2018

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Published on: March 29, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Aquatic animal research
  • Pharmacology
  • Animal behavior

Background:

  • Traditional fish drug delivery methods (e.g., beaker dosing, injections) are inefficient, stressful, and limit research applications.
  • Handling-induced stress confounds behavioral experiments, reducing the reliability of fish models in biomedical research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an improved method for drug administration in fish.
  • To enable precise, rapid, and minimally invasive drug dosing for behavioral studies in aquatic organisms.

Main Methods:

  • A gelatin-based feed was formulated with brine shrimp extract, spirulina, and the drug of interest.
  • Gelatin's properties were utilized to create individually customized, heat-molded feed morsels for accurate dosing based on fish body mass.
  • The NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 was administered to zebrafish using this method prior to behavioral testing.

Main Results:

  • The gelatin-based method facilitated rapid and precise administration of MK-801 (4 mg kg⁻¹).
  • Zebrafish treated with MK-801 exhibited reduced anxiety-like behavior in the novel tank test, consistent with the drug's known effects.
  • The method proved effective for delivering pharmacological agents and observing behavioral outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • The gelatin-based feeding technique offers a significant advancement over traditional methods for drug delivery in fish.
  • This approach minimizes animal stress and handling confounds, making it ideal for repeated or long-term drug administration and behavioral experiments.
  • The method is adaptable for various aquatic model organisms and holds promise for advancing biomedical research using fish models.