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Related Concept Videos

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
Preparation of Alkynes: Alkylation Reaction02:27

Preparation of Alkynes: Alkylation Reaction

Introduction
Alkylation of terminal alkynes with primary alkyl halides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide is one of the common methods for the synthesis of longer carbon-chain alkynes. For example, treatment of 1-propyne with sodium amide followed by reaction with ethyl bromide yields 2-pentyne.
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation02:47

Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation

Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
Heterogeneous Catalysis01:22

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, high molecular...
Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the surface of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)
08:25

Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)

Published on: January 17, 2020

Promoting CO2 Conversion With Terminal Alkynes Over ZSM-5 Zeolite-Confined Uniform Ag Nanoparticles.

Qingyun Qu1, Linfeng Yu1, Xiao Liang1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel Ag nanoparticle catalyst within ZSM-5 for efficient carbon dioxide conversion via alkyne carboxylation. The new catalyst demonstrates high yield and turnover frequency, advancing artificial carbon fixation strategies.

Keywords:
CO2 conversionalkynes carboxylationheterogeneous catalysisnanoparticle synthesiszeolite

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Adsorption Device Based on a Langatate Crystal Microbalance for High Temperature High Pressure Gas Adsorption in Zeolite H-ZSM-5
09:46

Adsorption Device Based on a Langatate Crystal Microbalance for High Temperature High Pressure Gas Adsorption in Zeolite H-ZSM-5

Published on: August 25, 2016

Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry
09:37

Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry

Published on: October 18, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)
08:25

Development of Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts using Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs)

Published on: January 17, 2020

Adsorption Device Based on a Langatate Crystal Microbalance for High Temperature High Pressure Gas Adsorption in Zeolite H-ZSM-5
09:46

Adsorption Device Based on a Langatate Crystal Microbalance for High Temperature High Pressure Gas Adsorption in Zeolite H-ZSM-5

Published on: August 25, 2016

Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry
09:37

Imine Metathesis by Silica-Supported Catalysts Using the Methodology of Surface Organometallic Chemistry

Published on: October 18, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Catalysis
  • Materials Science
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • Heterogeneous catalysis enables C-C bond formation and CO2 utilization through direct C-H activation.
  • Developing stable, efficient catalysts for three-phase alkyne carboxylation remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize uniform silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) within ZSM-5 for enhanced terminal alkyne carboxylation.
  • To investigate the catalytic performance and underlying mechanisms of the AgNP-ZSM5 catalyst for CO2 conversion.

Main Methods:

  • Solvent-assist hydrothermal method for synthesizing uniform 6-7 nm AgNPs in ZSM-5.
  • Characterization of the AgNP-ZSM5 catalyst to confirm nanoparticle size and distribution.
  • Testing the catalyst in a solid-liquid-gas three-phase alkyne carboxylation reaction.

Main Results:

  • Achieved 90% yield and 306 h⁻¹ turnover frequency (TOF) in 4 hours for alkyne carboxylation.
  • Demonstrated excellent CO2 adsorption capacity attributed to the ZSM-5 support.
  • Observed enhanced catalytic activity due to synergistic metal-support interaction (MSI) between AgNPs and ZSM-5.

Conclusions:

  • The AgNP-ZSM5 catalyst offers an innovative and efficient route for CO2 fixation into valuable chemicals.
  • The synthesis strategy provides a new method for creating uniform nanoparticles within zeolites.
  • This work facilitates the industrial application of terminal alkyne carboxylation for sustainable chemical synthesis.