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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics
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Published on: January 19, 2018

A Sub-Microsecond Switch Enabling SWIFT 23Na Imaging at 10.5 T.

Russell L Lagore1, Simon Schmidt1,2, Edward J Auerbach1

  • 1Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|June 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Custom electronics enable sodium SWIFT imaging at ultra-high fields. This zero-echo time technique achieved sub-microsecond switching speeds, paving the way for advanced musculoskeletal imaging applications.

Keywords:
UHFX‐nucleicartilagesodium MRIultra‐high field MRI

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All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics
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Published on: May 12, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Hardware Development

Background:

  • Sodium SWIFT (Simultaneous Whole-body Imaging with Fast Encoding) is a zero-echo time imaging technique.
  • Ultra-high magnetic fields offer potential for enhanced MRI sensitivity and resolution.
  • Developing custom hardware is essential for implementing advanced MRI techniques at higher field strengths.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop custom electronics hardware for enabling sodium SWIFT imaging at ultra-high magnetic fields.
  • To demonstrate the capability of the developed hardware through in vivo imaging results.

Main Methods:

  • Designed and implemented a high-speed optical trigger (10 ns resolution).
  • Developed an in-bore PIN diode driver for high current sourcing.
  • Optimized RF switches (attenuator and T/R switch) for sub-microsecond switching speeds and high isolation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved practical switching speeds of 0.6 μs (receive to transmit) and 1.7 μs (transmit to receive).
  • Obtained high transmit to receive isolation (115 dB over 1 MHz bandwidth, 120 dB at Larmor frequency).
  • Acquired 1.5 mm isotropic resolution SWIFT images of the human wrist in under 5 minutes, comparable SNR to ultra-short echo time imaging.

Conclusions:

  • Established the feasibility of sodium SWIFT imaging at ultra-high fields.
  • Demonstrated a practical musculoskeletal imaging application.
  • The developed hardware enables further SWIFT development for various nuclei at high and ultra-high fields.