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Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Generation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model in Mice by Repeated Ozone Exposure
Published on: August 25, 2017
Toxicological insights into formaldehyde-induced copd: a study on gene expression and molecular interactions
Sana Waheed1, Adnan Afzal2, Saima Ejaz3
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
None:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is exacerbated by inflammatory reactions triggered by cigarette smoke, air pollutants, dusts, and chemical products. In order to have a better understanding of the disease, its effect on the function of lung specific genes formaldehyde induced COPD mice model were developed. Mice were administered different doses of formaldehyde intraperitoneally, and expression of SFTPD and GSTα4 genes were determined. Some in silico approaches were also adopted to evaluate the diagnostic significance of the SFTPD and GSTα4 genes. Histopathological examination showed significant lung tissue damage indicative of COPD pathology in formaldehyde administered mice groups. The expression of SFTPD and GSTα4 genes were significantly downregulated in the lung tissues of FA administered mice in a dose dependent manner. ADMET analysis indicated that formaldehyde has favorable water solubility and high intestinal absorption, but is linked to skin sensitization and hepatotoxicity. Docking results depicted that formaldehyde's interaction with SFTPD and GSTα4 may lead to decreased expression of these genes and may impair lung function. Overall, the study has provided an insight into the toxic and deteriorating effects of formaldehyde on the respiratory system and underscores the promise of SFTPD and GSTα4 as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for COPD.
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