Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

MAPK Signaling Cascades01:07

MAPK Signaling Cascades

Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Nonoperative Management of Locally Advanced Resectable Cutaneous Squamous Cell Cancer of the Head and Neck with PD-1 Blockade.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·2026
Same author

Interpretable multiple instance learning for hematologic diagnosis from peripheral blood smears.

Communications medicine·2026
Same author

The Impact of Next-Generation Sequencing on Interobserver Agreement and Diagnostic Accuracy of Deep Penetrating Melanocytic Neoplasms.

Journal of cutaneous pathology·2025
Same author

NRG1 fusion-positive solid tumors: clinical detection, genomic landscape, and real-world data in pancreatic cancer.

Journal of the National Cancer Institute·2025
Same author

Primary Cutaneous NUT Adnexal Carcinoma: A Case Report With Novel Clinical and Pathological Observations.

Journal of cutaneous pathology·2025
Same author

Interpretable Multiple Instance Learning for Hematologic Diagnosis from Peripheral Blood Smears.

Research square·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Oncogenic Gene Fusion Detection Using Anchored Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Followed by Next Generation Sequencing
09:49

Oncogenic Gene Fusion Detection Using Anchored Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Followed by Next Generation Sequencing

Published on: July 5, 2019

TFG-Containing Fusions in Melanocytic Tumors: From Polymorphic Read-Through Transcripts to Oncogenic Kinase Fusions.

Haiming Tang1, Sara DiNapoli2, Purvil Sukhadia1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology
|June 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Molecular analysis of melanocytic tumors revealed TFG gene fusions. While TFG::NTRK3 indicated a Spitz pathway, TFG::ADGRG7 fusions are likely germline variants, crucial for accurate diagnosis.

More Related Videos

Mapping the Structure-Function Relationships of Disordered Oncogenic Transcription Factors Using Transcriptomic Analysis
09:58

Mapping the Structure-Function Relationships of Disordered Oncogenic Transcription Factors Using Transcriptomic Analysis

Published on: June 27, 2020

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors
11:15

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors

Published on: September 20, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Oncogenic Gene Fusion Detection Using Anchored Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Followed by Next Generation Sequencing
09:49

Oncogenic Gene Fusion Detection Using Anchored Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Followed by Next Generation Sequencing

Published on: July 5, 2019

Mapping the Structure-Function Relationships of Disordered Oncogenic Transcription Factors Using Transcriptomic Analysis
09:58

Mapping the Structure-Function Relationships of Disordered Oncogenic Transcription Factors Using Transcriptomic Analysis

Published on: June 27, 2020

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors
11:15

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors

Published on: September 20, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Pathology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Molecular analysis is crucial for diagnosing and treating melanocytic tumors.
  • Unfamiliar gene fusions can complicate test interpretation.
  • Accurate molecular profiling aids clinical decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the significance of TFG gene fusions in melanocytic tumors.
  • To differentiate pathogenic fusions from germline variants.
  • To improve the interpretation of molecular pathology reports.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 105 melanocytic tumors with identified gene fusions.
  • Detection and characterization of TFG gene fusions, including TFG::NTRK3 and TFG::ADGRG7.
  • Integration of molecular findings with clinicopathologic data.

Main Results:

  • Nine out of 105 melanocytic tumors (8.6%) harbored TFG gene fusions.
  • One tumor showed a TFG::NTRK3 fusion, indicative of a Spitz pathway.
  • Eight cases presented with TFG::ADGRG7 fusions, suspected to be germline variants.

Conclusions:

  • TFG gene fusions have varying significance in melanocytic tumors.
  • TFG::NTRK3 fusions are diagnostically relevant, while TFG::ADGRG7 may represent germline variants.
  • Recognizing these fusions is essential to prevent misinterpretation and ensure accurate diagnosis.